This fourth issue of CLARA Architecture/Recherche journal interrogates the relevance, the receptin and the uses of modernist architectures in the Global South.

In the section "Appropriated Modernism(s)?", a dozen authors or so examine the effects of the encounter between modernism's models and principles on one hand, and a context alien to the one for which they were initially conceived on the other hand. As a result, the gaze is shifted from the perspective of designers and their more or less contextualized demiurgic actions, to that of the inhabitants and their daily life. Within these built utopias, the adopted uses, transformations, adaptations, and subversions reveal the tension between modernism' emancipating contents and imposed character, but also the devices fostering unexpected appropriations. From Seul to Lima, from Mauritania to Mongolia, they are truly creative and significant gestures taking part in a shared fabrication process of the built environment in ocucpied public buildings, large housing developments, megastructures, urban fabrics.

The "Archives" section deals with the role of Belgian architects such as Guillaume Serneels in the making of the Congolese territory, looking at his blueprints and schemes for the new town fo Mbujimayi (formerly Bakwanga).

Two "Miscellaneous Papers" revisit a lecture by Eduardo Souto de Moura, Portuguese architect and recipient of the 2011 Pritzker Prize, and a series of meetings around the thourghts of Bruno Latour organized by a collective of young scholars.